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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medrob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская робототехника</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Robotics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-6392</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-8115</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MedINK</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/3033-6392-2026-1-2-8-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medrob-63</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роботизированная 5G-телехирургия – революционное направление медицины (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>5G robotic telesurgery: Revolutionary medical approach (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4180-7126</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цян</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Qiang</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иньпэн Цян</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yinpeng Qiang </p><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a9268434951@163.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6589-092X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ветшев</surname><given-names>Ф. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vetshev</surname><given-names>F. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-6575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осминин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osminin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-1765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Билялов</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilyalov</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-1554</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-573X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петухова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petukhova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цян И., Ветшев Ф.П., Осминин С.В., Билялов И.Р., Панина Е.В., Петухова Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цян И., Ветшев Ф.П., Осминин С.В., Билялов И.Р., Панина Е.В., Петухова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Qiang Y., Vetshev F.P., Osminin S.V., Bilyalov I.R., Panina E.V., Petukhova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medrobot-j.com/jour/article/view/63">https://www.medrobot-j.com/jour/article/view/63</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблема неравномерного распределения качественных медицинских ресурсов и ограниченного доступа пациентов из отдаленных регионов к высококвалифицированной хирургической помощи существует уже длительное время. Телехирургия на базе сетей 5G открывает перспективы для преодоления географических барьеров, однако ее клиническое применение в настоящее время находится на начальном этапе.</p><p>Цель исследования – анализ периоперационных исходов и профиля безопасности робот-ассистированных операций, проведенных дистанционно с использованием систем на базе сетей 5G.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен систематический поиск источников в базах данных PubMed, Embase, Web of Science и Cochrane Library. В анализ включены клинические исследования, добавленные в базы в период с момента их создания по 10 апреля 2026 г. Особое внимание уделено публикациям, касающимся радикальной гастрэктомии по поводу рака желудка, а также гепатопанкреатобилиарной и урологической хирургии. Выявлены ключевые ограничения данных вмешательств. Описания единичных клинических случаев исключены из анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Онкологическая гастроэнтерология: 2 китайских исследования: проспективное одноцентровое (n = 27) и ретроспективное (n = 10) продемонстрировали 100‑процентную частоту R0‑резекции. Периоперационные исходы оказались сопоставимыми с таковыми при недистанционной робот-ассистированной хирургии, задержка сигнала туда-обратно составила всего 31–91 мс. Гепатопанкреатобилиарная хирургия: 3 исследования (n = 5, n = 6, n = 20) подтвердили возможность дистанционного выполнения холецистэктомии и резекции печени при задержке сигнала 43–126 мс; отмечались эпизодические обрывы соединения с сетью, не повлиявшие на безопасность операции. Урология: 5 исследований (от 6 до 37 пациентов), в которых проведены радикальная простатэктомия, нефрэктомия, адреналэктомия и другие вмешательства с частотой успеха, приближающейся к 100 %, и периоперационными исходами, не отличающимися от таковых при недистанционных операциях (задержка сигнала варьировала от 29,1 до 129,6 мс). Общими ограничениями всех исследований являются малый размер выборок, отсутствие данных об отдаленных онкологических результатах, неоднородность сетевых показателей, отсутствие тактильной обратной связи в роботизированных системах, отсутствие этико-правовой базы и недоказанная экономическая эффективность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Предварительно продемонстрированы выполнимость и безопасность робот-ассистированных операций, проведенных дистанционно с использованием систем на базе сетей 5G, при условии тщательного отбора пациентов. Периоперационные исходы дистанционных и недистанционных робот-ассистированных операций сопоставимы. Однако телехирургия пока находится на ранней стадии валидации и характеризуется многочисленными неопределенностями и ограничениями; в настоящее время она не может заменить недистанционную роботассистированную хирургию.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The problem of uneven distribution of quality medical resources and limited access to highly qualified surgical help for patients from distant regions has existed for a long time. 5G-based telesurgery opens up the prospects for overcoming geographical barriers. However, its clinical use is still at the starting stage.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze perioperative outcomes and safety profile of robot-assisted surgeries performed remotely using 5G-based systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Systematic search of sources in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases was performed. The analysis included clinical trials added to the databases since their creation and until April 10, 2026. Special attention was paid to the articles on radical gastrectomy due to stomach cancer, as well as hepatopancreatobiliary and urological surgery. The key limitations of these interventions were identified. Descriptions of single-patient clinical cases were excluded from the analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Oncological gastroenterology: 2 Chinese studies, prospective single-center (n = 27) and retrospective (n = 10), demonstrated that 100 % of resections were R0. Perioperative outcomes were similar to outcomes of non-remote robot-assisted surgery, delay of the roundtrip signal was only 31–91 ms. Hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: 3 studies (n = 5, n = 6, n = 20) confirmed the possibility of remote cholecystectomy and liver resection with delay of 43–126 ms; episodic network disruptions were observed but they did not affect safety of the surgery. Urology: 5 studies (between 6 and 37 patients) involving radical prostatectomy, nephrectomy, adrenalectomy, and other interventions with success rates up to 100 % and identical perioperative outcomes as in non-remote surgeries (delay varied between 29.1 and 129.6 ms). All studies share the same limitations of small sample sizes, absence of data on long-term oncological outcomes, variability of network characteristics, absence of tactile feedback in robotized systems, absence of ethical and legal base, and uncertain economic efficiency.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Feasibility and safety of robot-assisted surgeries performed remotely using 5G networks was demonstrated in cases of carefully selected patients. Perioperative outcomes of remote and non-remote robot-assisted surgeries are similar. However, telesurgery is still at the early stage of validation and carries many uncertainties and limitations; currently, it cannot replace non-remote robot-assisted surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>5G-телехирургия</kwd><kwd>роботизированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>периоперационные исходы</kwd><kwd>выполнимость</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>5G telesurgery</kwd><kwd>robotic surgery</kwd><kwd>perioperative outcomes</kwd><kwd>feasibility</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim W., Kim H.-H., Han S.-U. et al. 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